In the United States

Mir Aimal Kansi-the Pakistani who slew two CIA employees, and wounded two other employees of the Agency and one employee of a CIA contractor outside CIA headquarters in Virginia in 1993-came of age in the Pakistani province that borders Afghanistan, which was used as a key staging area for the moujahedeen. His father and other relatives had ties to the CIA-Pakistani intelligence operations of the war. Kansi, those who knew him said, was one of the children of the C.I.A.s jihad. 5

Most of those involved in the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center in New York- which killed six people, wounded more than 1,000 and caused half a billion dollars worth of damage-were veterans of the Afghan war. 6

In October 1995, 10 men were convicted for a plot to bomb New York targets, including the UN building, an FBI office and the Lincoln and Holland tunnels. The spiritual leader of the group, and one of the defendants, was Sheik Omar Abdul Rahman, who had worked with the moujahedeen in the war in Afghanistan. He had obtained a US visa in 1990 from a CIA undercover agent 7, leading to speculation that at that time he (still) had CIA links. At least one of the other defendants-who came mainly from Egypt and Sudan-had fought in Afghanistan.

Three men were convicted in New York in 1996 of plotting to bomb 12 US jumbo jets and 4,000 passengers out of the sky over the Pacific Ocean. Ramzi Ahmed Yousef, the alleged mastermind of the World Trade Center bombing, who had been a fugitive, was one of the three defendants. He had been trained in explosives by the moujahedeen. Investigators found in his computer a manifesto pledging terror to punish Americans for their governments support of Israel. 8

Elsewhere

Ramzi Ahmed Yousef was convicted in absentia in the Philippines in 1994 of bombing a Philippine Airlines jet, killing one passenger. He reportedly was involved in training activities with the extremist Muslim Abu Sayyaf Organization of the Philippines.9

March 1995, Karachi, Pakistan: two US diplomats were killed and a third was wounded in an assault upon the car they were driving in. The FBI, which arrived in Pakistan to investigate the crime, announced that it was treating the attack as a possible retaliation for the arrest of Ramzi Ahmed Yousef the previous month in Pakistan by US and Pakistani agents and his extradition to the United States. 10

In November 1995, five Americans and two Indians died when a pickup truck stuffed with explosives detonated outside a US Army building in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Three of the four Saudis who confessed to the attack admitted to having received firearms and explosives training in Afghanistan and to having fought in combat there. 11

The following June, 19 US airmen died in the bombing of their housing complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The same groups claimed credit for both attacks.

In summer 1995, France underwent a series of eight bomb attacks beginning with a blast in a train station which killed eight and wounded 160. Almost all of the leaders of the people we have arrested for terrorism have passed by Afghanistan or Pakistan, said a French law enforcement official.12

The Chechnyan guerrillas, who have bedeviled the Russians for years with their insurrection to create a Muslim society, have had their ranks swelled by Middle East and African Afghans , as well as their own people who received military instruction in Afghanistan.13

Russian officials estimate that 4,000 to 5,000 Muslim militants from Tajikistan alone passed through camps in northern Afghanistan, then returned to the former Soviet Central Asian republic in 1993 to do battle against the secular government. 14 Another former Soviet republic, Azerbaijan, has experienced a similar fate. 15

In western provinces of China, Afghan veterans have armed and trained Chinese Muslims and fought alongside them against the Chinese authorities.16

Since 1992, Egypt has been swept by a wave of antiAgovernment terrorism in which graduates of the military training camps in Afghanistan and Pakistan have played a major role. They are believed to have also been behind the attempted assassination of President Hosni Mubarak while he was visiting Ethiopia. 17

In August 1994, three Afghans robbed a tourist hotel in Morocco, killing tourists in an effort to destabilize Moroccos vital tourism industry.18

Throughout much of the 1990s, Kashmiris and other nationals trained in Afghanistan have been fighting against India in the mountains of Kashmir, waging holy war for secession from New Delhi. 19

Since Algerias cancellation of the 1992 election, Algerian veterans of the Afghanistan conflict have played a key role in the rise of the Armed Islamic Group, responsible for many thousands of gory murders in their crusade for an Islamic state.20

In Bosnia, beginning in 1992, Afghans fought ferociously alongside the predominantly Muslim Bosnian army for two years, attacking Serbian positions to liberate Muslim villages.21 One of those who confessed to the November 1995 bombing in Saudi Arabia, referred to above, said that he had fought with the Bosnian Muslims.22

In a 1999 interview, Libyan leader Moammar Qaddafi told a London-based Arabic newspaper that his government had crushed an Islamic militant movement of Afghans . They returned desperate and destructive, he said, and adopted killing and explosives as

their profession, according to the training they received from the American intelligence. 23

And there has been more of the same in other places, from the men Ronald Reagan fancied as freedom fighters .

This is an insane instance of the chickens coming home to roost, said a US diplomat in Pakistan in 1996. You cant plug billions of dollars into an anti-Communist jihad, accept participation from all over the world and ignore the consequences. But we did. Our objectives werent peace and grooviness in Afghanistan. Our objective was killing Commies and getting the Russians out. 24

CHAPTER 3 : Assassinations

I dont want to wipe out everyone...Just my enemies. Michael Corleone, The Godfather, Part II

On June 26, 1993, President Clinton went before the American people and announced that the United States had fired several missiles against Iraq that day. It turned out that the missiles killed eight people and injured many more. The attack, said the president, was in retaliation for an Iraqi plot to assassinate former president George Bush who was due to visit Kuwait. (This alleged plot remains no more than that...alleged.1) Clinton announced that the US attack was essential to send a message to those who engage in state-sponsored terrorism and to affirm the expectation of civilized behavior among nations 2

Following is a list of prominent foreign individuals whose assas-sination (or planning for same) the United States has been involved in since the end of the Second World War. (CIA humorists have at times referred to this type of operation as suicide involuntarily administered , to be carried out by the Agencys Health Alteration Committee.)

1949 Kim Koo, Korean opposition leader

1950s CIA/Neo-Nazi hit list of more than 200 political figures in West Germany to be

put out of the way in the event of a Soviet invasion 1950s Zhou Enlai, Prime Minister

of China, several attempts on his life

1950s, 1962 Sukarno, President of Indonesia

1951 Kim II Sung, Premier of North Korea

1953 Mohammed Mossadegh, Prime Minister of Iran

1950s (mid) Claro M. Recto, Philippines opposition leader

1955 Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India